西班牙Certest人類鈣衛蛋白重組蛋白

廣州健侖生物科技有限公司

廣州健侖長期供應各種生物原料，主要代理品牌：西班牙Certest。

主要產品包括各種生物單克隆抗原抗體、重組蛋白。

西班牙Certest人類鈣衛蛋白重組蛋白

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西班牙Certest人類鈣衛蛋白重組蛋白

但在很長一段時間，光學顯微鏡無法突破一個物理局限，即所謂的阿貝衍射極限——德國物理學家恩斯特·阿貝于1873年提出的公式證明，受光的波長等因素影響，顯微鏡的分辨率是有限的。在20世紀的大部分時間，科學家們都認為，光學顯微鏡永遠無法看到小于光的波長一半的物體，也就是說，分辨率超不過0.2微米。雖然某些細胞的細胞器如線粒體的輪廓在光學顯微鏡下清晰可見，但它難以分辨更小的物體，這類似于能夠看到一個城市的建筑，卻不知道居民們如何生活。要充分了解細胞的功能，就需要具備跟蹤單個分子活動的能力。
阿貝衍射極限仍然成立，但美國科學家埃里克·貝齊格、威廉·莫納和德國科學家斯特凡·黑爾借助熒光分子的幫助，巧妙地繞過了經典光學的這一“束縛”，使光學顯微鏡發展到了一個新的層次——納米顯微鏡。現在，科學家們可以監控細胞內單個分子之間的相互作用，觀察與疾病相關的蛋白質如何聚集，并在納米水平上跟蹤細胞分裂過程。三位科學家也因在超分辨率熒光顯微技術領域取得的成就而獲得2014年諾貝爾化學獎殊榮。
斯特凡·黑爾：挑戰百年既定法則
自1990年獲得海德堡大學博士學位后，斯特凡·黑爾一直在尋找一種方法，希望能繞開阿貝定義了一個多世紀的衍射極限。挑戰一個既定法則的想法是誘人的，但他的熱情遭到了德國資深科學家的質疑，因此，黑爾躲到了芬蘭，圖爾庫大學一位研究熒光顯微鏡的教授將他納入了自己的研究團隊。
所謂熒光顯微鏡，就是一種利用熒光分子，比如可與特定細胞DNA(脫氧核糖核酸)耦合的熒光抗體，來對細胞的某個部分成像的技術。如果抗體與DNA耦合，它們會在細胞的中心發光。這種方法可讓科學家看到特定分子所處的位置，但他們找到的是一團分子，比如糾纏的DNA的鏈，過低的分辨率使他們無法分清單個的DNA鏈。
1993年，當黑爾在翻閱一本量子光學教科書上有關受激發射的內容時，突然靈光乍現——受激發射可以讓熒光分子“熄滅”。1994年，黑爾發表文章闡述了自己的想法。他提出了所謂的受激發射損耗(STED)方法：利用一束光脈沖激發的所有熒光分子，而另一束光脈沖“熄滅”熒光，但每次保留一部分體積約納米大小分子發著光。用這樣一個納米“手電筒”沿著樣品掃描并連續地測量光強度，就能夠獲得一張綜合的圖像。每次掃描時保留的熒光分子體積越小，zui終圖像的分辨率就越高，因此，從理論上來說，光學顯微鏡的分辨率再無任何限制了。

西班牙Certest人類鈣衛蛋白重組蛋白

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【公司名稱】 廣州健侖生物科技有限公司
【市場部】    楊永漢

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【騰訊  】 2042552662
【公司地址】 廣州清華科技園創新基地番禺石樓鎮創啟路63號二期2幢101-103室

But for a long time, the optical microscope can not break through a physical limitation called the Abbe diffraction limit - the formula proposed by the German physicist Ernst Abbe in 1873 proves that the wavelength affected by light and other factors, the microscope The resolution is limited. For most of the 20th century, scientists agreed that optical microscopes could never see objects less than half the wavelength of light, that is, resolutions beyond 0.2 microns. Although the outline of some cells' organelles, such as mitochondria, is clearly visible under a light microscope, it is difficult to distinguish smaller objects, analogous to being able to see a city's buildings without knowing how the inhabitants live. To fully understand the function of cells, you need to have the ability to track the activities of a single molecule.
Abbe diffraction limit still holds, but American scientists Eric Bezig, William Mona and German scientist Stefan Hale skillfully circumvented the "bondage" of classical optics with the help of fluorescent molecules. , The optical microscope has developed to a new level - the nano-microscope. Now scientists can monitor the interactions between individual molecules in cells, see how disease-related proteins aggregate and track cell division at the nanoscale. The three scientists also won the 2014 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their achievements in super-resolution fluorescence microscopy.
Stefan Hale: challenge a hundred years of established law
Stephane Hale has been searching for a way since he received his Ph.D. from Heidelberg University in 1990, hoping to circumvent Abe defining the diffraction limit of more than a century. The idea of ??challenging an established law was tempting, but his passion was questioned by German veteran scientists, so Hale hid in Finland and a professor at Fluke University studying fluorescence microscopy included him in his research team .
A so-called fluorescent microscope is a technique that uses a fluorescent molecule, such as a fluorescent antibody that can be coupled to a specific cellular DNA (DNA), to image a part of a cell. If antibodies are coupled to DNA, they will glow in the center of the cell. This method allows scientists to see where specific molecules are located, but they find a group of molecules, such as entangled DNA chains, whose low resolution prevents them from differentiating between individual DNA strands.
In 1993, when Hale glanced through a Quantum Optics textbook about stimulated emission, suddenly Emmanuel emerged - stimulated emission can make fluorescent molecules "extinguished." In 1994, Hale published an article describing her own ideas. He proposed the so-called stimulated emission loss (STED) method: using one pulse of light to excite all fluorescent molecules, while the other burst of light "extinguished" fluorescence, but each time a fraction of the nanometer-sized molecules remain in the volume. With such a nano "flashlight" along the sample scan and continuous measurement of light intensity, you can get a comprehensive image. The smaller the volume of fluorescent molecules retained per scan, the higher the resolution of the final image, so theoretically there is no limit to the resolution of the optical microscope.